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What Is a Cleanroom? — ISO 14644-1 Classification and Packaging
A cleanroom is a controlled environment where airborne particles, temperature, and humidity are strictly regulated. Cleanrooms are classified according to ISO 14644-1, which defines the maximum allowable number of particles per cubic meter of air. The lower the ISO class number, the cleaner the room.
A cleanroom is a controlled environment where airborne particles, temperature, and humidity are strictly regulated. Cleanrooms are classified according to ISO 14644-1, which defines the maximum allowable number of particles per cubic meter of air. The lower the ISO class number, the cleaner the room.
ISO 14644-1 Classification
| ISO Class | Max Particles ≥0.5 µm /m³ | Typical Application |
|---|---|---|
| ISO 1 | 10 | Semiconductor fab (leading edge) |
| ISO 2 | 100 | Semiconductor fab |
| ISO 3 | 1,000 | Semiconductor, nanotechnology |
| ISO 4 | 10,000 | Disk drives, medical devices |
| ISO 5 | 100,000 | Pharmaceutical sterile filling |
| ISO 6 | 1,000,000 | Electronics assembly, optics |
| ISO 7 | 10,000,000 | Pharmaceutical production, medical devices |
| ISO 8 | 100,000,000 | General electronics, food processing |
| ISO 9 | 1,000,000,000 | Normal indoor air (reference) |
Why Cleanroom Packaging Matters
Products manufactured in a cleanroom must be packaged in materials that do not introduce particles — otherwise the entire cleanroom effort is wasted at the packaging step. Cleanroom packaging means:
| Aspect | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Film production | Manufactured in a controlled environment |
| Particle load | Low particle count on the film surface |
| Additives | Particle-free formulations (no migrating powders) |
| Packaging | Double-bagged: inner bag (clean) + outer bag (transport) |
| Documentation | Batch certificates with particle count data |
| Storage | Sealed packaging until use in the cleanroom |
Standard Film vs. Cleanroom Film
| Property | Standard PE Film | Cleanroom PE Film |
|---|---|---|
| Production environment | Standard factory | ISO Class 9 cleanroom |
| Particle control | None | Monitored and documented |
| Surface cleanliness | Not specified | Low particle count |
| Double packaging | No | Yes (inner + outer) |
| Documentation | Standard CoA | Batch certificate with particle data |
| Additives | Standard | Low-migration, particle-free |
| Price | Base | Premium (15–30 % higher) |
Cleanroom Film Applications
| Industry | Application | ISO Class Required |
|---|---|---|
| Semiconductor | Wafer transport packaging | ISO 4–5 |
| Electronics | PCB, IC packaging | ISO 6–8 |
| Pharmaceutical | Drug packaging, device packaging | ISO 5–7 |
| Medical devices | Sterile packaging | ISO 5–7 |
| Optics | Lens, display packaging | ISO 6–8 |
Parainesis Cleanroom Film
- ISO Class 9 production — Dedicated cleanroom production area
- All PE film formats — Flat film, tubing, bags, pallet covers
- Antistatic + cleanroom — Combined for electronics
- ESD + cleanroom — Combined for sensitive components
- Double packaging — Inner + outer bag standard
- Batch documentation — Particle count, material certificate